photo of a bright green snake resting on a rock with its tail in the water

Common name: smooth greensnake, grass snake

Scientific name: Opheodrys vernalis

 

graphic shows that smooth greensnakes are solid color snakes that are small, measuring 14 to 20 inches with slender bodies. They have smooth, unkeeled scales and divided anal plates. They live in prairies, savannahs, and woodland edges in most of the state except the southwest corner and a few counties along Lake Michigan.

The bright emerald green color of this snake's body with its white or pale yellow belly makes it easy to identify. In northern and central Wisconsin, adults are sometimes a lighter, pale yellow color. Rarely, you will find one that is brown. However, the young are always olive-green when they hatch. When these snakes die, their bodies turn pale blue. 

The smooth part of its name comes from its unkeeled scales which give the snake a sleek, smooth look and texture. This beautiful little snake is one of only five Wisconsin snakes to have unkeeled scales.

 

 

photo compares the rough, keeled scales of a red-bellied snake with the smooth scales of an earth snake
the rough (keeled) scales of a red-bellied snake on the left compared to the smooth (unkeeled) scales of an eastern earth snake on the right

 

You'll find these critters throughout most of Wisconsin in prairies, oak savannas, open areas in pine barrens, and grassy areas along forest edges. They eat insects, grubs, and worms.

photo of an emerald green small smooth greensnake